劍16作為最新的劍橋真題，是每位考鴨復習必備的，但是這次官方給出的幾篇低分范文確實讓人吐槽無力，對很多同學來并沒有參考價值。
利弊類大作文，科技類話題
In the future all cars, buses and trucks will be driverless. The only people travelling inside these vehicles will be passengers.
Do you think the advantages of driverless vehicles outweigh the disadvantages?
題目大意
在未來，所有汽車、公交車和卡車將采用無人駕駛，人們只需要作為乘客乘坐車輛，你認為無人駕駛優(yōu)點是否大于缺點?
思路解析
這是一道利弊類大作文，討論的是無人駕駛的話題，題目本身不難理解利弊類話題需要論證利大于弊、弊大于利或者有利有弊即可。下面月半鴨就帶大家一起來看下無人駕駛的利弊各自有哪些。
首先來看弊端，主要有3方面。
一是全部采用無人駕駛的話，意味著不再大量的出租車司機、公交車司機和卡車司機，他們都將面臨失業(yè)問題，進而對他們的收入和維持生活將產(chǎn)生負面的影響。
二是采用無人駕駛意味著個人會不會開車和能否擁有自己私家車不再有著必然聯(lián)系，以前人們會開車后才能去買車開，采用無人駕駛后人們即使不會開車也能買私家車來乘坐。這可能會導致私家車的擁有量進一步上升，進而產(chǎn)生更多的環(huán)境問題、交通道路壓力以及停車位不足等問題。
三是無人駕駛需要依靠AI程序來完成，這意味著系統(tǒng)有受到其他人入侵并進行操作的風險，進而對乘坐人的財產(chǎn)或生命安全造成威脅。.并且無人駕駛也需要依靠網(wǎng)絡信號等輔助，一旦出現(xiàn)斷電斷網(wǎng)的情況，無人駕駛可能會完全癱瘓無法使用
再來看好處，主要有3方面。
一是提高了駕駛安全性。相較于有人駕駛，無人駕駛從根本上杜絕了司機可能會發(fā)下的各類錯誤，比如酒駕、疲勞駕駛、沖動操作等等，避免了這些人為因素所導致的交通事故和人員傷亡。(這里我們假定了無人駕駛技術是成熟的，也就是其本身不會因為判斷錯誤、無法有效識別周圍人或物導致交通事故，不然也不用談好處了。)
二是因為不再需要駕駛員操作，對于原本的開車出行的駕駛員來說可以在路上獲得更多自由支配的時間。
三是無人駕駛汽車能夠信息互聯(lián)和監(jiān)控路況的情況，可以更好地規(guī)劃路線，減少集中擁堵的概率，改善道路通行情況。
高分范文示例
In the era of extensive research on driverless technology, people have more or less understanding of unmanned driving. Currently, the driverless vehicles are being put into trial in China, and some achievements have been made on the prescribed roads. It seems to me that although there is no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit， the demerits of the application of driverless overshadow its merits at present.
First of all, the use of driverless cars may exert several social problems. On the one hand, the popularity of autopilot will inevitably make professional drivers lose their jobs by driving business vehicles. It is because that a self driving lorry without faults can operate continuously and ensure safety for 24 hours，by which I mean it can produce multiple benefits that human driving is hard to achieve. On the other hand, driverless has also greatly increased car ownership. In other words, according to the characteristics of autopilot, some people who do not have the driving ability may also have this kind of transportation. The number of cars will increase substantially, but this is not always a good thing，which may bring some other problems, such as parking spaces will become more intense.
Second, the popularity of driverless also has great potential risks. Autopilot is more like a robot, which is controlled by established procedures and AI chips. For all automated systems, there is always a risk of hacking or crashing because of faults or bug，by which I mean if hackers can enter the vehicle system, and the car may be controlled to do anything. Moreover, after the accident, it is difficult for us to determine the responsible party of the accident, so that the victims cannot get due compensation.
There is no denying that driverless applications can save lives. According to statistics, 90% of the road traffic accidents are caused by human errors, including the proportion of distraction, fatigue, drunk driving and speeding. A total of 1 million 300 thousand people are killed every year in the world, with 60 thousand people in China alone, but the self driving vehicle will eliminate all the accidents caused by human error factors, which will greatly reduce the incidence of accidents. However, all this needs to be built on the basis of the technology improvement of the driverless car itself and its supporting system equipment, such as cameras, navigation, etc., otherwise, driverless driving will bring disaster to people.
In conclusion, at present, unmanned driving technology is still more drawbacks than benefits，but if the government and related technology research and development can make further efforts, we believe that this technology can be effectively applied in the future. After all, unmanned driving is the first step for human beings to move towards the AI era.
相關詞匯和語法結構
Distraction 分散注意力
unmanned 無人操作的
prescribe 規(guī)定;命令
incidents 嚴重事件
navigation 導航 |
