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托福TASK2綜合口語怎么把握閱讀節(jié)奏

時間:2022-05-01 14:09:03  作者:網(wǎng)絡(luò) 來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)

  托??谡Z中的綜合口語考察的并非只有考生的口語表達能力,大家的閱讀技巧也同樣會受到考驗。如果考生沒法快速看懂材料內(nèi)容,勢必會影響答題節(jié)奏增加時間消耗。

  托??谡ZTASK2第二題屬于校園場景,閱讀材料按內(nèi)容可以劃分成兩種:學(xué)校通告(Announcement)和個人建議(Letter/Proposal)。兩者雖然在內(nèi)容上不同,但文章結(jié)構(gòu)是一致的。這是一個好現(xiàn)象,因為我們可以通過固定的文章結(jié)構(gòu)來快速判斷主旨句的位置。其實,學(xué)校的通告也好,個人的建議也罷,都符合西方人開門見山的表達習(xí)慣。換言之無論是什么內(nèi)容的材料,主旨句通常出現(xiàn)在前兩句。這給我們提供了很大的便利,因為我們可以以此來提高我們的閱讀速度。我們先來看一則學(xué)校通告的例子:

  RequiredWork Experience

  Thebusiness studies department at State University will now require all studentsenrolled in its program to complete one semester of work experience in a localcorporation or small business. It is felt that students will benefit from thiswork experience by developing leadership and organizational skills that wouldnot normally be learned in a classroom or campus setting. furthermore, therelationship that students establish with the company that they work for mayhelp them to secure permanent employment with that company once they havecompleted the program and graduated.

  我們拿到一段材料通常第一件事是看標題,因為那能幫助我們快速掌握材料的主旨,所以我們知道本題的主旨與work experience有關(guān),接下來就剩細節(jié)了。通過剛才講過的方法我們知道主旨句一定在前兩句,所以我們稍微放慢速度閱讀前兩句。通過題目一開始的旁白我們已經(jīng)知道這是一篇學(xué)校通告,所以為了提升速度,我們快速跳過一些“虛詞”,包括學(xué)校名稱、院系、以及表示“要求”、“建議”等意思的詞。因為這些詞在大部分的學(xué)校通告材料中出現(xiàn)且無實際意義,所以我們可以快速略過。那本題中我們只需要仔細閱讀第一行require后面的內(nèi)容就可以了。這時我們的工作量就又減少了,速度也就提升了。通過閱讀我們發(fā)現(xiàn)本題的主旨就在第一句,所以趕緊記下來關(guān)鍵詞(動詞、名詞優(yōu)先),保證主旨句有分。

  下面我們再來看一個個人建議的例子:

  UniversityShould Pave Running Trails

  Theuniversity has about three miles of unpaved dirt running trails that passthrough the forest near campus. I think these trails should be paved withcement. One reason for paving the trails would be to increase their safety.When it rains, the dirt turns to mud and becomes very slippery, so the runnerswho use them can slip and fall. Pavement would solve this problem. Also, pavingwould make the trails look nicer, which would encourage students to use them.Bumps in the trial would be smoothed out and weeds would be paved over, makingthe trail more attractive to runners.

  Sincerely Sally Jacobs

  個人建議的閱讀材料更容易判斷主旨句,我們只需要快速找到第一人稱I或We出現(xiàn)的一句就OK了。根據(jù)技巧我們找到本題的主旨就是I think these trails should be paved with cement。但是為了答案更具體更完整,我們應(yīng)該把句中的these指代的內(nèi)容找出來,根據(jù)指代原則我們從第一句找到了unpaved dirt running trails。所以,本題的主旨就是Thestudent suggests that the unpaved dirt running trails should be paved with cement。這樣就可以快速搞定主旨句了。

  然而光找主旨是不夠的,我們還需要找出除了主旨之外的重點。這個重點通常包括學(xué)校做法或個人建議的原因、目的、功能、作用等,而且大部分情況下都是兩點。我們怎么能快速準確地定位到這兩點呢?很簡單,通過表示列舉和增補關(guān)系的連接詞,或起到連接性作用的短語等,包括:First, one reason, on one hand, in addition,additionally, also, furthermore, moreover, what’s more, anotherreason/purpose/benefit等。我們應(yīng)該首先快速定位這些詞,這樣能幫我們立即找到兩點原因。就拿剛才的例子來說我們能迅速地發(fā)現(xiàn)One reason for paving the trails would be toincrease their safety和Also, paving would make the trails look nicer,which would encourage students to use them。做到這,我們的任務(wù)基本就完成了。接下來我們稍微放慢速度閱讀這兩句,記下關(guān)鍵詞。如果還剩其他的句子,都只是起輔助作用的內(nèi)容快速閱讀即可。如果還剩時間,我們應(yīng)該把所找的重點再反復(fù)閱讀,加深理解。

關(guān)鍵字:托福課程

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