GRE不光有技巧，不光有快速解題法，GRE更加考察大家的邏輯硬實力，文字理解實打?qū)嵉纳疃?/span>。良好的GRE備考應(yīng)當在課堂上向老師學習快速解題法，取同取反邏輯的同時，課下扎扎實實的讀懂每一句話。讀懂，是一切技巧使用的前提。皮之不存，毛將焉附？
Passage 73
Jane Austen’ s relationship to Romanticism has long been a vexed one. Although her dates (1775-1817) place her squarely within the period, she traditionally has been studied apart from the male poets whose work defined British Romanticism for most of the twentieth century. In the past her novels were thought to follow an Augustan mode at odds with the Romantic ethos. Even with the advent of historicist and feminist criticism, which challenged many previous characterizations of Austen as detached from the major social, political and aesthetic currents of her time, she continued to be distinguished from her male contemporaries. Jerome McCann, for example, insists that Austen does not espouse the Romantic ideology. Anne Mellor declares that Austen, along with other “leading women intellectual and writers of the day” “did not”, participate in the Romantic “spirit of the age” but instead embraced an alternative ideology that Mellor labels “feminine Romanticism”.
To be sure, some critics throughout the years have argued for Austen’s affinities with one or more of the male Romantic poets. A special issue of the Wordsworth Circle (Autumn 1976) was devoted to exploring connections between Austen and her male contemporaries. Clifford Siskin in his historicist study of Romanticism argued that Austen does participate in the same major innovation, the naturalization of belief in a developing self, as that characterized in Wordsworth’s poetry and other key works from the period. Recently, three books have appeared (by Clara Tuite, William Galperin, and William Deresiewicz) that in various ways treat Austen as a Romantic writer and together signal a shift in the tendency to segregate the major novelist of the age from the major poets.
The present essay seeks to contribute to this goal of firmly integrating Austen within the Romantic movement and canon. It does so by pointing out affinities between Austen and a writer with whom she has not commonly been associated, John Keats. Most comparisons of Austen and the Romantic poets have focused on Wordsworth and Byron, whose works we know she read. Although Austen could not have read Keats’ s poems, which only began to appear in print during the last years of her life, and there is no evidence that Keats knew Austen’ s novels, a number of important similarities can be noted in these writers’ works that provide further evidence to link Austen with the Romantic movement, especially the period of second-generation Romanticism when all of her novels were published.
Jane Austen’ s relationship to Romanticism has long been a vexed one.
Jane Austen（的作品）和浪漫主義文學流派之間的關(guān)系一直以來都被人們反復(fù)爭論不休。
Although her dates (1775-1817) place her squarely within the period, she traditionally has been studied apart from the male poets whose work defined British Romanticism for most of the twentieth century.
盡管她在世的時候（1775-1817）恰好也是浪漫主義文學盛行的時候，但在過去，人們一直把她和一些男性詩人（這些詩人的作品定義了大部分 20 世紀時期的英國浪漫主義文學風格）分開來研究。
這句話表明，在傳統(tǒng)觀點看來，雖然 Jane Austen 生活的年代浪漫主義風格盛行，但其作品并不屬于浪漫主義派。
（備注：浪漫主義是一歐洲藝術(shù)、文學及文化運動，開始于 1790 年工業(yè)革命的德意志邦聯(lián)，盛于 1800 至 1850 年。）
In the past her novels were thought to follow an Augustan mode at odds with the Romantic ethos.
在過去，人們認為她的小說屬于“奧古斯都文學派”（奧古斯都文學是一種英國文學風格），而這種文學流派的風格和浪漫主義文學派的風格是不一致的。
Even with the advent of historicist and feminist criticism, which challenged many previous characterizations of Austen as detached from the major social, political and aesthetic currents of her time, she continued to be distinguished from her male contemporaries.
即使是后來出現(xiàn)的歷史主義者和女權(quán)主義批評的論調(diào)質(zhì)疑了很多之前人們對 Jane Austen 的看法（以前觀點認為 Austen 的小說并不符合當時的社會、政治以及審美主流），但人們依然認為 Jane Austen 和她同時代的男性作家是不一樣的。
Jerome McCann, for example, insists that Austen does not espouse the Romantic ideology.
比如，Jerome McCann 就堅持認為 Jane Austen 并不認可浪漫主義派的思想體系。
Anne Mellor declares that Austen, along with other “leading women intellectual and writers of the day” “did not”, participate in the Romantic “spirit of the age” but instead embraced an alternative ideology that Mellor labels “feminine Romanticism”.
Anne Mellor 則認為，Austen “和其他杰出的女性知識分子以及女性作家”一樣，都“沒有”“當時那個年代的浪漫主義精神”，而是認可另外一種被 Mellor 稱之為“女性浪漫主義”的思想體系。
這一段主要描述了傳統(tǒng)觀點對 Jane Austen 的寫作風格的看法。總體來說，過去的學者認為 Jane Austen 的寫作風格不屬于浪漫主義流派。
To be sure, some critics throughout the years have argued for Austen’s affinities with one or more of the male Romantic poets.
當然，多年以來，一些評論家一直在論證表明 Austen 和一位或者多位男性浪漫主義詩人之間有著相似之處。
A special issue of the Wordsworth Circle (Autumn 1976) was devoted to exploring connections between Austen and her male contemporaries.
Wordsworth Circle 這份期刊雜志的一期特刊（1976 年的秋季刊）致力于探索 Austen 和她同時期的男性作家之間的聯(lián)系。
Clifford Siskin in his historicist study of Romanticism argued that Austen does participate in the same major innovation, the naturalization of belief in a developing self, as that characterized in Wordsworth’s poetry and other key works from the period.
Clifford Siskin 在其對浪漫主義流派進行的歷史主義研究中提到，Austen 有做出過重大的創(chuàng)新（即自我發(fā)展的內(nèi)化），這一點在 Wordsworth 的詩歌、以及同時代其它重要詩歌作品中都有所體現(xiàn)。
（備注：William Wordsworth 是英國浪漫主義詩人，與雪萊、拜倫齊名，也是湖畔詩人的代表。其代表作有與塞繆爾·泰勒·柯勒律治合著的《抒情歌謠集》（Lyrical Ballads）、長詩《序曲》（Prelude）、《漫游》。）
Recently, three books have appeared (by Clara Tuite, William Galperin, and William Deresiewicz) that in various ways treat Austen as a Romantic writer and together signal a shift in the tendency to segregate the major novelist of the age from the major poets.
最近，有三本書（作者分別是 Clara Tuite，William Galperin，和 William Deresiewicz）都通過不同方式，把 Austen 劃分到浪漫主義作家之列。并且這三本書釋放了一個信號，那就是要改變過去把同時代的小說家和詩人區(qū)分開的做法。
這段話提出了新的觀點，一些批評家進行了不同方式的研究，認為 Jane Austen 的小說是具備浪漫主義派的風格特點。
The present essay seeks to contribute to this goal of firmly integrating Austen within the Romantic movement and canon.
本篇論文致力于將 Austen 的作品納入到浪漫主義文學運動和浪漫主義文學著作之中。
It does so by pointing out affinities between Austen and a writer with whom she has not commonly been associated, John Keats.
這篇論文指出了一位人們通常不會與之聯(lián)系起來的作家（John Keats）和 Austen 兩人之間的相似之處。
Most comparisons of Austen and the Romantic poets have focused on Wordsworth and Byron, whose works we know she read.
大部分對 Austen 和浪漫主義詩人之間的比較，都集中于把 Austen 和 Wordsworth 以及 Byron 這兩人進行比較。我們都知道 Austen 讀過 Wordsworth 和 Byron 這兩位詩人的作品。
Although Austen could not have read Keats’ s poems, which only began to appear in print during the last years of her life, and there is no evidence that Keats knew Austen’ s novels, a number of important similarities can be noted in these writers’ works that provide further evidence to link Austen with the Romantic movement, especially the period of second-generation Romanticism when all of her novels were published.
盡管 Austen 不可能讀過 Keats 的詩歌，因為 Keats 的詩歌是在 Austen 在世的最后幾年才發(fā)表的，而且也沒有證據(jù)表明 Keats 熟悉 Austen 的小說，但是我們還是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)兩人的作品有很多重要的相似之處。這種相似之處進一步為我們提供了證據(jù)，表明 Austen 和浪漫主義運動之間是有聯(lián)系的，尤其是在浪漫主義運動的第二個階段。在這一時期，Austen 所有的小說都發(fā)表了。
這一段話繼續(xù)支持了新的觀點，通過新的研究方式（即比較了 Austen 和 John Keats 的相似之處），認為 Jane Austen 的小說具有浪漫主義派的特點。
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
A. reconcile two competing positions in an ongoing critical debate.
B. develop a counterargument against a recent interpretation of a writer’s work.
C. provide support for a new approach to a writer’s work.
D. illustrate the contradictions experienced by women writers during a certain period.
E. explain a writer’s detachment from the major intellectual currents of a period.
文章描述了對 Jane Austen 小說評價的轉(zhuǎn)變。過去人們認為 Jane Austen 的小說不屬于浪漫主義派，但是現(xiàn)在，新的研究方式表明，Jane Austen 的小說具有浪漫主義派的一些特點。
A. 調(diào)和了一項正在進行的辯論中，兩個相互矛盾的觀點。
B. 對最近一個作家作品的解讀內(nèi)容進行了反駁。
D. 闡明了女性作家在某個時期所經(jīng)歷的不一致。
E. 解釋了一位作家在某個時期里，和主流的知識分子的觀點不一致。
2. The author of the passage describes Austen’s relationship to Romanticism as “vexed” mainly because
A. her novels do not follow the Augustan mode to the extent the poetry of her contemporaries did.
B. her views seem to be at odds with those of male writer whose works defined British Romanticism.
C. her novels were written during the Romantic period, yet she is not treated as a Romantic writer.
D. her novels are critical of the Romantic ideology, embracing instead an alternative ideology sometimes described as “feminine Romanticism”.
E. she achieved recognition for her novels, whereas the Romantic era is better known for its poetry.
第二題：文章作者提到 Austen 和浪漫主義派之間的關(guān)系一直以來都被人們反復(fù)爭論不休，主要原因是什么？
這道題對應(yīng)的是原文第二句的內(nèi)容。原文第二句即是對第一句話的話的解釋，雖然 Jane Austen 生活的年代恰好也是浪漫主義文學盛行的時候，但在過去，人們一直不認為她的寫作風格是屬于浪漫主義派的。
A. 因為 Austen 的小說并沒有像她同時期的作家一樣，那么大程度的沿用“奧古斯都文學派”的創(chuàng)作風格。
B. 因為 Austen 的觀點和男性作家的觀點不一致（這些男性作家定義了英國浪漫主義文學）。
C. 因為 Austen 的小說是在浪漫主義盛行的時候撰寫的，但是人們卻并不認為她是一個浪漫主義派的作家。
D. 因為她的小說批判了浪漫主義文學的思想體系，而支持另外一個“女性浪漫主義”的思想體系。
E. 因為她是在小說方面獲得了人們的認可，而浪漫主義時期以詩歌聞名。
3. According to the passage, compared to critics trained in “historicist and feminist criticism” (highlighted) earlier critics of Austen were
A. more likely to represent her as isolated from the major intellectual currents of her period.
B. more likely to represent her as departing from Augustan modes of thought.
C. more likely to find connections between her novels and Romantic poetry.rt.
D. less likely to neglect the influence of Romantic ideology on her work.
E. less likely to notice affinities between Austen and her female counterparts.
第三題：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，相對于那些在“歷史主義學和女性主義批評”的研究領(lǐng)域的批評家來說，早期研究 Austen 作品的批評家怎么樣？
原文在第一段第四句話提到了“歷史主義學和女性主義批評”的研究領(lǐng)域的批評家。這些人質(zhì)疑了之前人們對 Jane Austen 的看法（以前觀點認為 Austen 的小說并不符合當時的社會、政治以及審美主流）。盡管如此，人們依然認為 Jane Austen 和她同時代的男性作家是不一樣的。也就是說，在傳統(tǒng)觀點看來，Jane Austen 的作品并不屬于浪漫主義派，不屬于當時的主流文化。
A. 傳統(tǒng)觀點更傾向于認為 Austen 遠離了她那個年代里，主流知識分子的觀點。
B. 傳統(tǒng)觀點更傾向于認為 Austen 遠離了“奧古斯都文學派”的思潮。
C. 傳統(tǒng)觀點更有可能認為 Austen 小說和浪漫主義文學派的詩歌之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)。
D.傳統(tǒng)觀點更不太可能會忽視浪漫主義派的思想體系對 Austen 的影響。
E. 傳統(tǒng)觀點更不太可能會注意到 Austen 和與她類似的其他女性之間的相似之處。
4. The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about the concept of “feminine Romanticism” (highlighted)?
A. It bought about Austen’ s vexed relationship to Romanticism by implying that Austen embraced relatively few elements of the Romantic ideology.
B. It contributes to Austen’ s vexed relationship to Romanticism by keeping her separate from the male writers whose poetry is central to the period.
C. It ameliorates Austen’ s vexed relationship to Romanticism by emphasizing affinities between she and other leading women intellectuals of the day.
D. It ameliorates Austen’ s vexed relationship to Romanticism by capturing the notion of an alternative Romantic ideology that she espoused.
E. It resolves Austen’ s vexed relationship to Romanticism by demonstrating her affinity with Romantic ideology.
第四題：文章作者最有可能會同意以下哪個關(guān)于“女性浪漫主義”的說法？
原文第一段第一句提到 Jane Austen（的作品）和浪漫主義文學流派之間的關(guān)系一直以來都被人們反復(fù)爭論不休。因為盡管她在世的時候恰好也是浪漫主義文學盛行的時候，但在過去，人們一直把她和一些男性詩人（這些詩人的作品定義了大部分 20 世紀時期的英國浪漫主義文學風格）分開來研究。這一段最后幾句話都是在闡述傳統(tǒng)的這個看法。“女性浪漫主義”的說法是在第一段的最后一句提到的。這句話提到 Anne Mellor 的觀點，認為 Austen “和其他杰出的女性知識分子以及女性作家”一樣，都“沒有”“當時那個年代的浪漫主義精神”，而是認可另外一種被 Mellor 稱之為“女性浪漫主義”的思想體系。
A. 這個觀點通過暗示 Austen 并不接受浪漫主義文學派的思想體系，引發(fā)了有關(guān) Austen 和與浪漫主義文學派之間的關(guān)系的爭論。
B. 這個觀點把 Austen 和與她同時代的男作家（這些男作家的詩歌是當時哪個時代的重要的文學作品）區(qū)分開來，從而進一步表明了人們對于 Austen 和與浪漫主義文學派之間的關(guān)系一直以來都爭論不休，沒有定論。
C. 這個觀點強調(diào)了 Austen 和當時其他杰出的女性知識分子之間的相似之處，從而使人們對于 Austen 和與浪漫主義文學派之間的關(guān)系的爭論得到了緩和。
D. 這個觀點抓住了 Austen 支持的另外一種浪漫主義思想體系，從而使人們對于 Austen 和與浪漫主義文學派之間的關(guān)系的爭論得到了緩和。
E. 這個觀點表明 Austen 和浪漫主義思想體系之間有相似之處，從而解決了人們對于 Austen 和與浪漫主義文學派之間的關(guān)系的爭論。
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