2021年4月ACT北美卷科學(xué)部分共有6篇文章，其中兩篇為Data Representation數(shù)據(jù)展示類。本期我們將梳理第二篇。

　　An experiment was conducted to determine how seawater temperature and salinity affect food consumption and growth in Scophthalmus maximus (a species of fish). The table shows, for each of 8 trials, average total food consumption, CT, and average gain in body mass for S. maximus kept at various temperature and salinity combinations. Each trial involved the same number of fish and lasted the same number of months.

　　7. Based on the table, for which 2 trials was the average CT value less than 50 g and the average gain in body mass greater than 75 g?

　　A. Trial 1 and Trial 2

　　B. Trial 1 and Trial 8

　　C. Trial 3 and Trial 4

　　D. Trial 3 and Trial 7

　　答案：D

　　解析：題目要求我們?cè)诒碇姓业紺T值小于50g，同時(shí)average gain in body mass值高于75g的兩組實(shí)驗(yàn)，選擇D。這道題比較簡(jiǎn)單，但要注意在表中找數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)：1. 不要看錯(cuò)數(shù)值;2. 不要看錯(cuò)行。

　　8. Consider Trials 1−4. Based on the table, as salinity increased, did average CT increase or decrease, and did average gain in body mass increase or decrease?

　　average CT

　　average gain in body mass

　　F. increase decrease

　　G. increase increase

　　H. decrease decrease

　　J. decrease increase

　　答案：H

　　解析：題目要求我們?cè)诒碇姓业紺T值和average gain in body mass值在前四組實(shí)驗(yàn)中的變化規(guī)律，兩組數(shù)據(jù)都在下降，選擇H。

　　9. Consider the 4 trials for which the average CT values were less than 45 g. What is the order of these trials from the trial with the least average CT value to the trial with the greatest average CT value?

　　A. Trial 5, Trial 6, Trial 4, Trial 7

　　B. Trial 5, Trial 6, Trial 7, Trial 8

　　C. Trial 7, Trial 8, Trial 5, Trial 6

　　D. Trial 7, Trial 4, Trial 6, Trial 5

　　答案：A

　　解析：題目要求我們找到在表中CT值低于45 g的四組實(shí)驗(yàn)，并按照CT值的大小從低到高排列。CT值低于45 g的四組實(shí)驗(yàn)分別為Trial 4、Trial 5、Trial 6和Trial 7，其中最低的為Trial 5，最高的為Trial 7，選擇擇A。數(shù)據(jù)排列題要注意排序的順序，題目要求從低到高排序，不要因?yàn)槁┛春蟀刖涠x反。

　　10. Based on the table, average gain in body mass was approximately how many times as great for the S. maximus in Trial 6 as for the S. maximus in Trial 5?

　　F. 1/5

　　G. 1/2

　　H. 2

　　J. 5

　　答案：H

　　解析：題目要求我們對(duì)比Trial 6的average gain in body mass值和Trial 5的average gain in body mass值。要注意凡是出現(xiàn)as…as…的比較關(guān)系時(shí)，后一個(gè)提到的是被比較的對(duì)象，故本題要求的是第六組的值是第五組的幾倍，選擇H。how many times as A as B = 求A是比B的多少倍

　　11. Suppose Trial 1 lasted 3 months. How many months did Trial 8 last?

　　A. 3 months

　　B. 8 months

　　C. 24 months

　　D. Cannot be determined from the given information

　　答案：A

　　解析：本題不再是直接的要求學(xué)生分析數(shù)據(jù)，而是考察了學(xué)生對(duì)于科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)基本信息的理解。題目中提到了一個(gè)表中沒(méi)有的信息，因此需要我們?nèi)プ屑?xì)閱讀表格前對(duì)于這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的基本介紹。根據(jù)介紹內(nèi)容的最后一句可知，每組實(shí)驗(yàn)持續(xù)的時(shí)間是相同的，選擇A。

　　12. What was the average CT, in kilograms (kg), for fish kept at a temperature of 22°C and a salinity of 25 ppt?

　　F. 0.0521 kg

　　G. 0.521 kg

　　H. 52.1 kg

　　J.52,100.0 kg

　　答案：F

　　解析：根據(jù)題目中提供的數(shù)據(jù)，我們可以在表中快速找到對(duì)應(yīng)答案為52.1 g，但要注意選項(xiàng)中所有單位均為kg，因此需要單位換算，選擇F。

　　總結(jié)：這是一篇生物類動(dòng)物學(xué)文章，但實(shí)際做題并不需要我們掌握任何相關(guān)知識(shí)，著重考察了數(shù)據(jù)理解能力，要注意仔細(xì)審題，避免在對(duì)題目的理解上出現(xiàn)偏差。

　　相關(guān)單詞積累：

　　salinity 鹽度

　　consumption 消耗

　　Scophthalmus maximus 大菱鲆(俗稱多寶魚(yú))