2022John Locke論文競(jìng)賽題目
哲學(xué) Philosophy
Q1.How likely is the multiverse? Would it change anything if (somehow) we came to know the theory was true?
多重宇宙存在的可能性有多大？如果我們知道了多重宇宙的存在，將會(huì)對(duì)我們的生活帶來(lái)什么改變？
Q2.If our actions are a consequence of our capacities and preferences, and if those things are, in turn, a result of our genetic inheritance and the external world in which we happen to find ourselves, are we ultimately responsible forour choices?
如果我們的行為是我們能力和選擇的結(jié)果，而我們的能力和選擇又受到基因遺傳和外部環(huán)境的影響，那我們最終是否要對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)？
Q3.Is it moral to take money from people through the force of law in order to pay philosophers to philosophize?
運(yùn)用法律的力量從人們身上收錢(qián)，再付錢(qián)給哲學(xué)家要求他們進(jìn)行哲學(xué)思考，這樣的行為合乎道德嗎？
Q4.When, if ever, can acts involving only consenting adults be morally wrong?
如果一種行為是所涉及的成年人都同意的，那么在道德上還會(huì)不會(huì)不正確？
政治 Politics
Q1.Should we allow political donations?
政治獻(xiàn)金是否應(yīng)被允許
Q2.What, if anything, do rich nations owe poor nations?
如果有的話(huà)，富有的國(guó)家是否對(duì)貧窮的國(guó)家有虧欠？
Q3.Is there such a thing as a common good?
共同利益是存在的嗎？
Q4.Is the good citizen always a good person? Is the good person always a good citizen?
一位好公民是否會(huì)一直是一位好人？一位好人是否一直會(huì)是一位好公民？
經(jīng)濟(jì) Economics
Q1.Is Bitcoin a blessing or a curse?
比特幣的誕生是一件幸事還是詛咒？
Q2.What’s wrong with the housing market? How can we fix it?
住房市場(chǎng)出了什么問(wèn)題？我們?cè)撊绾谓鉀Q？
Q3.Should Amazon pay people more? What would happen if they immediately increasedevery worker’s salary by twenty percent?
亞馬遜公司應(yīng)該提高員工薪水嗎？如果他們現(xiàn)在立刻給每位員工增加20%的薪水，會(huì)發(fā)生什么事？
Q4.Is Henry George’s land value tax fair,efficient, both, or neither?
HenryGeorge提出的地價(jià)稅是合理且有效的嗎？還是既不合理也不有效？
歷史 History
Q1.Was there anything good about the British empire?
大英帝國(guó)的存在有什么好處嗎？
Q2.Is China an imperial power?
中國(guó)是帝國(guó)強(qiáng)權(quán)嗎？
Q3.Is Western civilization in decline?
西方文明是否正在衰落？
Q4.Do leaders make events or do events make leaders?
是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人創(chuàng)造事件？還是事件造就領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人？
心理學(xué) Psychology
Q1.Are we getting nastier?
我們是否正在變得更令人討厭？
Q2.Are men and women psychologically different? Does it matter?
男性和女性是否在心理上有所差異？這些差異會(huì)帶來(lái)什么影響？
Q3.Is there any mental illness that isn’t ultimately physical?
有沒(méi)有哪一種精神疾病是與生理問(wèn)題完全無(wú)關(guān)的？
Q4.Does it make sense to hate someone for his or her opinions?
因?yàn)槟橙说挠^點(diǎn)而討厭他/她是合理的嗎？
神學(xué) Theology
Q1.Why would God be so coy?
為什么上帝如此神秘？
Q2.“The God of the Bible and the Koran is a primitive human’s idea of a great being… But that is not what an actual supreme being would be like.” Is there aholy book that manifests divine authorship?
“如果《圣經(jīng)》和《古蘭經(jīng)》中的上帝是人類(lèi)對(duì)偉大生物的最初想象……但那卻不是一個(gè)更高生物應(yīng)有的形態(tài)”這世上是否有一本可以體現(xiàn)神性作者身份的書(shū)？
Q3.“And if Christ has not been raised, our preaching is useless and so is your faith.” Can one be a Christian without believing in the miraculous resurrection of Jesus?
“如果基督?jīng)]有復(fù)活，我們所傳的便是枉然，你們所信的也是枉然”。一個(gè)不相信基督神奇復(fù)生的人可以成為基督徒嗎？
Q4.Is faith anything other than uncertain belief on incomplete evidence?
信仰是基于不完全證據(jù)的不確定信仰嗎？
法律 Law
Q1.Does prison work?
監(jiān)獄有用嗎？
Q2.“People who serve on juries are ill-informed, prejudiced, and not clever enough to avoid jury service.” Should we abolish Trial by Jury?
“陪審團(tuán)成員得到的信息不夠公正、大部分人抱有偏見(jiàn)、且沒(méi)有聰明到可以逃避陪審職責(zé)”我們是否應(yīng)廢除陪審團(tuán)制度？
Q3.Should “hate crime” be punished more severely than the same crime with different motives?
以“仇恨犯罪”為動(dòng)機(jī)的犯罪行為，是否應(yīng)比起以其他動(dòng)機(jī)為由的相同犯罪行為受到更嚴(yán)重的懲罰？
Q4.What is the relationship between justice and law?
正義與法律之間的關(guān)系是什么？
初級(jí)賽 Junior Prize
Q1.Which existential threat are humans underestimating?
人類(lèi)低估了哪些潛在的威脅？
Q2.What should the age of consent be for irreversible sex reassignment surgery?
不可逆的變性手術(shù)的年齡應(yīng)該是多少歲？
Q3.Were the lockdowns worth it?
封鎖隔離是值得的嗎？
Q4.What does it mean for people to be equal?
人與人平等意味著什么？
Q5.What would happen if there were a one hundred percent inheritance tax?
如果有百分之百的遺產(chǎn)稅會(huì)發(fā)生什么？
Q6.If you could travel by time machine for your next holiday, which time and place would you visit? What preparations would you make for your journey? What challenges would you face in the first twenty-four hours, and how would you handle them?
如果你可以在下一個(gè)假期乘坐時(shí)光機(jī)旅行，那么你將訪(fǎng)問(wèn)哪個(gè)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)？你會(huì)為你的旅程做些什么準(zhǔn)備？在前二十四小時(shí)內(nèi)，你會(huì)遇到什么挑戰(zhàn)，你會(huì)如何處理這些挑戰(zhàn)？
Q7.Should some things be legal to give away but illegal to sell?
是否有些東西，贈(zèng)予他人是合法的，但出售是非法的？
(For Question 7 we recommend you read Markets Without Limits: Moral Virtues and Commercial Interests by Jason Brennan and Peter Jaworski and Why Some Things Should Not Be for Sale by Debra Satz.
對(duì)于問(wèn)題7，建議閱讀Jason Brennan和Peter Jaworski的《沒(méi)有限制的市場(chǎng)：道德美德和商業(yè)利益》以及Debra Satz的《為什么有些東西不應(yīng)該出售》)
